Chapter summary
Periodicity and Metals, at a glance
Find patterns in the Periodic Table and use evidence to predict reactions.
O-Level 6092 (2026) / SEC G3 K324 (2027)
Quick revision
Revisit the essentials, then return to an explanation when you need it.
Groups share valence-electron patterns. Group 1 becomes more reactive down the group; group 17 becomes less reactive. Noble gases have full outer shells.
Metal order: K, Na, Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, Pb, H, Cu, Ag. Use comparable experiments. Rusting needs oxygen and water; barriers remove contact with them.
Pure only
Pure: connect displacement to electron loss, compare oxide reduction and carbonate stability, and distinguish sacrificial protection from an intact barrier.
Revisit an explanation
- Read position from electron arrangement
- Group 1: lithium, sodium and potassium
- Group 17: identify displacement from the evidence
- Recognise noble gases and transition metals
- Build the metal reactivity series from experiments
- Use reactivity to explain extraction and heating
- Prevent rust by removing a condition or supplying protection