9478 / 2027

Chapter 3

Motion and Forces

Choose an origin, a positive direction and a time interval before describing how a body moves.

Connect motion graphs and equations to the forces acting on the body.

Motion quantities and graphs, changing acceleration, straight-line constant acceleration, inertia, momentum, Newton's laws and F = ma. For 9478 (2027).

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  1. Describe motion with a reference

    Distinguish position, distance, displacement, speed, velocity and acceleration when motion reverses.

  2. Read slopes, areas and changing acceleration

    Represent motion graphically and use tangents and signed areas, including a curved velocity graph.

  3. Derive and use constant-acceleration equations

    Derive the straight-line equation family and choose valid signs and roots in a vertical-motion problem.

  4. Inertia and linear momentum

    Explain mass as inertia and calculate vector momentum and signed momentum changes.

  5. Apply all three Newton laws

    Distinguish balanced forces, momentum-change rates and simultaneous interaction partners.

  6. From resultant force to motion

    Use the constant-mass force model and infer acceleration from cart-position data.